Turkish Patent and Trademark Office Updates Trademark Examination Guidelines
On 30 September 2019 the Turkish Patent and Trademark Office issued guidelines regarding the examination standards for trademark applications in terms of absolute grounds, which were the first of their kind under Turkish law. Recently, a new chapter concerning the substantive examination standards for the assessment of confusing similarity has also been published. The new chapter covers the topics below: the concept of ‘likelihood of confusion’; the similarity of goods and… »
Patent Rights on Vaccines: Looking for a Scapegoat for Vaccine Inequity
It is the common goal to get through the pandemic, which endangers the health of all of humanity, and for that, all have been watching for a vaccine and treatment to overcome the pandemic as soon as possible. Scientists have managed to go beyond the known in a considerably short time, and multiple COVID-19 vaccines were developed. At this point, the equal distribution of vaccines emerged as a vital problem that hindered global salvation from this pandemic. While some… »
Declaration on Use of Patent and Compulsory License
The new IP Codenumbered 6769 abolished the provisions on “the use requirement of patents” and “the evidence of use” of the Decree-Law About the Protection of Patent Rights. The IP Code now focuses on the requirements of use for patents within the provision of a Compulsory License. Accordingly, a patent owner must use the patented invention within three years following the publication of its granted decision in the Official Bulletin (‘the Bulletin’) or within four years from… »
Determination of Royalty in Case of Compulsory License
The institution of “compulsory licensing”, which is regulated firstly in Article 99 of the repealed Decree-Law No. 551 and then, under Article 129 et seq. of the Industrial Property Law (“the IP Code”) in force, as a reflection of TRIPS Article 31, has not been needed to be implemented for long years in our country [Turkey]. However, with the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, it has suddenly gained popularity since it is regarded as a “convenient” tool for abrogating patent… »
Supply of Pharmaceutical Products from Abroad and Patent Rights
The supply of pharmaceutical products to Turkey via the Named Patient Programme (the “NPP”) is one of the exceptional importation regimes for pharmaceutical products. Where a pharmaceutical product is not granted marketing authorisation in Turkey, or it is granted marketing authorisation but not found in the market, but patients need it, it can be supplied via this special route by physician request. The entities that are authorised to import pharmaceuticals within the scope… »
Preliminary Injunction Granted to Prevent Indirect Use of Invention
One of the most striking developments of 2020 is a preliminary injunction decision given due to implementing the provision “Prevention of the Indirect Use of Invention” regulated in Article 86 of the IP Code. Although the expression “Indirect Use of Invention” is often confused with the “Indirect Infringement of Patents” concept, indirect patent infringement is not explicitly regulated in our law. Because as is known, the Turkish IP Code numbered 6769 (“IP Code”) lists the… »
Are Clinical Trials Excluded From Patent Protection in Turkey?
The Turkish IP Law (6769) rules on acts that constitute patent infringement and acts that are excluded from patent protection. However, when it comes to evaluating whether clinical trials in Turkey should be excluded from patent rights, it is important to take the experimental use exemption under Article 85/3(b) and the Bolar exemption under Article 85/3(c) into consideration. Unfortunately, this is easier said than done. No case law in Turkey clarifies which acts are… »
Discovery of Evidence Requests and the Scope of Bolar Exemption
Discovery of evidence requests are specially regulated under the Turkish Code of Civil Procedure No. 6100. The discovery of evidence enables determining a fact that is not yet examined in an ongoing action or a fact that will be put forward in a future action. It must be emphasised that, unlike the US and UK systems, there is no full and frank disclosure procedure under Turkish civil law. In other words, the parties may decide, at their discretion, which documents they will… »
Impact of EPO Proceedings and EPC Provisions on National Actions
Since Turkey’s inclusion as a member of the EPC, a hot topic has been the enforcement or invalidity of Turkish validation of European Patent(s) (“EP”) while proceedings before the European Patent Office (the “EPO”) are pending. Once an EP is validated in Turkey, it becomes a national patent. For EPs, the Office seems to have transferred its powers and duties to the European Patent Office; therefore, it functions as an institution that carries out only some procedural… »
Turkish Country - Code Domain Name System on the Eve of a New Era
• The long-awaited TRABIS System, which replaces the Nic TR system, will become effective in the near future• The most important change is that extensions such as ‘com.tr’, ‘org.tr’, ‘net.tr’ will be allocated on a ‘first come, first-served’ basis• A new dispute resolution mechanism is due to come into effect Since 1998 Nic TR, under the Middle East Technical University, has been authorised by ICANN to register and manage ‘.tr’ domain names. Recently, it has been announced… »
Madrid e-Filing Now Available to Applicants in Turkey
As a result of the cooperation between the Turkish Patent and Trademark Office (TURKPATENT) and WIPO,Turkey has taken its place among thecountries that enable applicants to file their international trademark applications directly through the Madrid e-Filing service. Before this change, the MM2 form - the application form for the registration of international trademark applications - had to be filled in manually and submitted to TURKPATENT via the EPATS - TURKPATENT’s… »
How to Protect Color Marks in Turkey
The introduction of Industrial Property Code No. 6769 (IP Code) in Turkey in 2017 changed the definition of a trademark and explicitly listed colors as one of the signs that can be registered as trademarks using international color codes. But practice is showing that some color marks are easier to register than others. Registering single color marks can be more difficult, which can also be the case when it comes to enforcing them. Even before the legislative change… »